Table 1 The miRNAs involved in viral acute respiratory infections (ARIs), their pathways, and the targets that they regulate [2, 83]
Virus | miRNAs | Pathways and targets |
|---|---|---|
RV | miR-23b | Pathways: Cancer, Inflammation Targets: SPRY2 |
miR-128 | Pathways: Apoptosis, Cancer, Inflammation Targets: BMI1, BAX | |
miR-155 | Pathways: NFKβ, IRFs, Inflammation Mediators, Macrophage Inflammatory Response, Vascular Inflammation, Interleukins, TLRs pathways Targets: TNF, TAK1, IKKϵ, SOCS1, RIPK1, IRAK3, IKBKE, IRF8, SMAD5 | |
RSV | let-7b | Pathways: Innate immune response, Cancer Targets: CASP3, SMAD2, SMAD4, TGFBR1, IL10, STAT3, TLR4 |
let-7d | Pathways: IL6 / STAT3 Signaling Targets: CASP3, SMAD2, SMAD4, TGFBR1, IL10, STAT3, TLR4 | |
let-7i | Pathways: Cancer, Innate immune response Targets: CASP3, SMAD2, SMAD4, TGFBR1, IL10, STAT3, TLR4. | |
miR-24 | Pathways: Apoptosis, Cell proliferation Targets: E2F2, Myc, INK4a, CASP9 | |
miR-26b | Pathways: Inflammatory Response (IL-1), Pro-apoptotic, Cancer Targets: SMAD1, SMAD4, PTEN, TAF12 | |
miR-27a | Pathways: Pro-apoptotic, Cancer, Wnt signalling pathway Targets: IL10, SOCS6 | |
miR-27b | Pathways: Cancer, Innate immune response Targets: IL10, SOCS6, EGFR | |
miR-29c | Pathways: Apoptosis, Wnt signalling pathway Targets: IL12B, CD276 | |
miR-30b | Pathways: Apoptosis, Inflammation, Cancer Targets: TP53 | |
miR-31 | Pathways: Pro-apoptotic, Cancer (tumour suppressor miRNA) Targets: TIAM1, p53 | |
miR-34b | Pathways: Tumor suppressor, p53 pathway Targets: TP53, SIRT1 | |
miR-34c | Pathways: Apoptosis, Cancer, Inflammation, p53 pathway Targets: TP53, SIRT1 | |
miR-125a | Pathways: Apoptosis, Cancer, Inflammatory Responses Targets: MTOR, SMAD2, SMAD4, TNF, AGO2, IL6R, MYD88, TGFBR1, TP53 | |
miR-125b | Pathways: Apoptosis, Cancer, Regulate TNFα Targets: TNF, IL6R, AGO2, MYD88 | |
miR-198 | Pathways: Cancer, Cell proliferation Targets: ROCK1, SHMT1 | |
miR-203a | Pathways: Inflammation Mediators, Apoptosis, Cancer, Targets: BCL2L2, p63, SOCS3, AP-1 | |
miR-429 | Pathways: Cell cycle, Insulin signaling Targets: STAT4, TGFB2, TGFBR1 | |
miR-520a-5p | Pathways: Innate immune response Targets: RELA, TGFBR2 | |
hMPV | let-7f | Pathways: Cancer, Innate immune response Targets: CASP3, SMAD2, SMAD4, TGFBR1, IL10, STAT3, TLR4 |
miR-16 | Pathways: Apoptosis, Cancer, Inflammation Targets: MAPK3, MCL1, MYB | |
miR-30a | Pathways: Apoptosis, Inflammation, Cancer Targets: TP53, UGT8 | |
miR-192 | Pathways: Apoptosis, Cancer Targets: CD67, TYMS | |
IV | let-7c | Pathways: IL6 / STAT3 Signaling, Apoptosis, Cancer Targets: CASP3, SMAD2, SMAD4, TGFBR1, IL10, STAT3, TLR4 |
miR-17-3p | Pathways: Cancer, apoptosis Targets: CASP7, ATM, MAPK9 | |
miR-221 | Pathways: Pro-apoptotic, Cell migration, Proliferation, Oncogenic Targets: CD117, KIT, STAT5A | |
miR-323 | Pathways: Apoptosis, Proliferation Targets: KIT, STAT3 | |
miR-491 | Pathways: Apoptosis, Cell viability Targets: BCL2L1 | |
HcoV | miR-9 | Pathways: Apoptosis, Cancer, Innate immune response, NFKβ Targets: NFKB1, JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, PRDM1 |
miR-98 | Pathways: Anti-apoptotic, Cancer, Cytokines, Inflammation Targets: CASP3, IL10, KRAS, MYC, Ras, SMAD2, SMAD4, STAT3, TGFBR1, TLR4 | |
miR-214 | Pathways: Apoptosis, Cancer, Autoimmune Disorders Targets: AP-2, MAPK8 | |
miR-223 | Pathways: Interferons & Receptors, Interleukins Targets: E2F1, IGF1R |