Table 1 The type of exosomal miRNAs and their involvements in the pathogenesis of diseases

miR-150

Monocyte (THP-1)

Endothelial cell

c-myc, promoting angiogenesis

[7, 58, 59]

miR-19a

Brain astrocyte

Tumour cells metastasis to brain

PTEN, prime brain metastasis outgrowth

[61]

miR-214

Tumour cell

Regulatory T cell

PTEN, induce immune escape

[57]

miR-155

Adipose tissue macrophage (obese)

Liver, Muscle, adipose tissue

PPARγ

[65]

miR-223

tumour-associated macrophage

Tumour cells (breast cancer)

Activate Mef2c-b-catenin pathway

[60]

miR-105

Breast cancer

Endothelial cell

ZO-1, promote the metastasis to brain and lung

[62]

miR-143/miR-145

Endohelial cells

Vascular smooth muscle

Atheroprotective role

[67, 68]

miR-26a, miR-29a, miR-181b, miR-222

Monocyte (THP-1) exposed to AGE

–

–

[7]

miR-21, miR-150, miR-181b, miR-23a

Monocyte (THP-1) exposed to H₂O₂

–

–

[7]

miR-29a, miR-24a, miR-222

Monocyte (THP-1)

–

–

[7]

miR-451

HMC-1 HEK293T lymphoblastic B-cell

–

–

[10, 13, 14]

miR-320

Normal cell and tumour cells

–

–

[10,11,12]

miR-575, miR-451, miR-125-3p, miR-198, miR-601 , miR887

primary T lymphoblast

–

–

[13]