Fig. 4
From: The roles of small RNAs: insights from bacterial quorum sensing
Biogenesis of OMVs in gram-negative bacteria. a Gram-negative cell membrane composition, from top to bottom, lipopolysaccharides, outer membrane, peptidoglycan, inner cell membrane, curvature inducing proteins and peptidoglycan linking proteins. b Curvature inducing proteins bend the outer membrane and sRNAs start accumulating near the curvature [65, 75]. c peptidoglycan linking proteins break [76] to enable further curvature. d the curvature blebs from the membrane and closes to form a small vesicle. The outer membrane closes and restores to original condition [77]