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Table 1 Fuel preference for energy production in different segment of the kidney under physiologic and challenged conditions

From: Implications of microRNA in kidney metabolic disorders

Energy fuel preference

Proximal convoluted tubule

Distal convoluted tubule

Thick ascending loop

Glomeruli

Thin descending loop

Collecting duct

Physiologic preferred fuel

Fatty acid

Lactate

Glutamine

Fatty acid

Ketones

Lactate

Fatty acid

Glucose

Ketones

Glucose

Lactate

Glucose

Lactate

Glutamine

Glucose

Use under challenge

Ketones

Glucose

Lactate

Fatty acid

Ketones

Lactate

Glutamine

Rarely use

Glucose

Glutamine

Glutamine

Ketones

Glutamine

Fatty acid

Fatty acid

Ketones